E-Bike Classes Explained: Class 1, 2, and 3
Most US states use a three-class system to regulate electric bikes. The class determines the top assisted speed and whether the bike has a throttle, and it often decides where you can legally ride. Here's what each one means.
Class 1: pedal-assist to 20 mph
A Class 1 e-bike provides motor assistance only while you pedal, and the assist cuts out at 20 mph. There's no throttle. Class 1 is the most widely accepted category and is usually allowed anywhere traditional bikes go, including many multi-use paths and bike lanes.
Class 2: throttle to 20 mph
A Class 2 e-bike also tops out at 20 mph but adds a throttle, so it can propel you without pedaling. This is popular for casual riders and anyone who wants to start from a stop or rest their legs. Access is similar to Class 1 in many areas, though some trails restrict throttle-equipped bikes.
Class 3: pedal-assist to 28 mph
A Class 3 e-bike is pedal-assist up to 28 mph (many have no throttle, or a throttle limited to 20 mph), and it typically must have a speedometer. The higher speed makes it a favorite for commuters covering longer distances, but Class 3 bikes are more often limited to roads and bike lanes and kept off shared pedestrian paths.
How to choose your class
Match the class to your routes and local rules. If you ride mostly on shared paths and trails, Class 1 (or Class 2) keeps your options open. If you commute on roads and want to keep pace with traffic, Class 3's extra speed is worth it.
Rules vary by state, city, and land manager, so check local regulations for the trails and paths you plan to use. On eBike Compare you can see each bike's class and top speed at a glance and filter accordingly.
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